Team:Paris Liliane Bettencourt/Project/Memo-cell

From 2010.igem.org

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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
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<br>Humans have invented many ways to count, from very simple manual counters to more complex logic gates implemented within electrical circuits.
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Humans have invented many ways to count, from very simple manual counters to more complex logic gates implemented within electrical circuits.</span></p>
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<p class="p2"><span class="s1"></span><br></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Counting is an essential process in our daily life, and implementing an automated counter into bacteria could have many applications, from medical to industrial.</span></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Counting with single-cells is a concept that has already been tackled but which is still in its infancy. Some counters have already been designed and implemented, but could only count up to three; though they could be extended. However, as these systems lie on the number of different transcription factors / recombination enzymes available AND characterised, extension to achieve counting more that 3 is pretty limited. Moreover, it is important to notice that for these designs, once an element as been used for counting, it can not be reused.</span></p>
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<p class="p2"><span class="s1"></span><br></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The Memo-cell project is a novel and original approach to free from these constraints, allowing a limitless counting.</span></p>
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<p class="p2"><span class="s1"></span><br></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The framework for this approach is fairly simple. We will implement memory in the bacteria using a sequential integration of DNA pieces into the bacteria chromosome, controlled in space and time.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Memory will then be hardcoded in the genome by the number of DNA pieces integrated one after the other in the genome.</span></p>
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<br><br>Counting is an essential process in our daily life, and implementing an automated counter into bacteria could have many applications, from medical to industrial.
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Our plan is to create a mechanism that allows the bacteria to integrate in its chromosome a specific piece of DNA at a specific location, every time it detects a specific input signal.</span></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The successive detection of signals will results in the successive integration of DNA pieces one after the other on the chromosome. The total number of DNA pieces integrated on the chromosome will then correspond to the number of times the signal has been detected.</span></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">For instance, we could integrate the light sensing module developed by the *** igem team<span class="Apple-converted-space">  </span>and plug it to our memo-cell module. Hence, the memo-cell module would be triggered when there is light, and our bacteria will count the number of days.</span></p>
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<p class="p2"><span class="s1"></span><br></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s1">To achieve this goal, we had to hijack and to extensively engineer three mechanisms:</span></p>
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  <li class="li1"><span class="s1">The recombination system of Phages Lambda and HK022;</span></li>
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  <li class="li1"><span class="s1">The recombination system of Transposon Tn916;</span></li>
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<br><br>Counting with single-cells is a concept that has already been tackled but which is still in its infancy. Some counters have already been designed and implemented, but could only count up to three; though they could be extended. However, as these systems lie on the number of different transcription factors / recombination enzymes available AND characterised, extension to achieve counting more that 3 is pretty limited. Moreover, it is important to notice that for these designs, once an element as been used for counting, it can not be reused.
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  <li class="li1"><span class="s1">The microcin C51 from a specific E.coli strain.</span></li>
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==Approach==
 
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Our plan is to create a mechanism that allows the bacteria to integrate in its chromosomee
 
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a specific piece of DNA at a specific location, everytime it senses the input signal.
 
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Moreover,
 
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<br><br>What we need:
 
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<br><br>Bacteria can manipulate DNA with ease, let’s use this property.
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<br><br>The Memo-cell project is a novel and original approach to free from these constraints, allowing a limitless counting.
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<br><br>Even if bacteria are «less» complex than us, they can be very useful as it has been proved
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during the last years since the beginning of synthetic biology.
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<br><br>The framework for this approach is fairly simple. We will implement memory in the bacteria using a sequential integration of DNA pieces into the bacteria chromosome, controlled in space and time.
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<br>Memory will then be hardcoded in the genome by the number of DNA pieces integrated one after the other in the genome.
 +
<br>Our plan is to create a mechanism that allows the bacteria to integrate in its chromosome a specific piece of DNA at a specific location, every time it detects a specific input signal.
 +
The successive detection of signals will results in the successive integration of DNA pieces one after the other on the chromosome. The total number of DNA pieces integrated on the chromosome will then correspond to the number of times the signal has been detected.
 +
<br>For instance, we could integrate the light sensing module developed by the *** igem team  and plug it to our memo-cell module. Hence, the memo-cell module would be triggered when there is light, and our bacteria will count the number of days.
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<br><br><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/0/02/Brickage-01.jpg" width=100%>
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<br><br>To achieve this goal, we had to hijack and to extensively engineer three mechanisms:
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*  1. The recombination system of Phages Lambda and HK022;
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*  2. The recombination system of Transposon Tn916;
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*  3. The microcin C51 from a specific E.coli strain.

Revision as of 12:07, 27 October 2010


Memo-Cell project





Introduction


Humans have invented many ways to count, from very simple manual counters to more complex logic gates implemented within electrical circuits.

Counting is an essential process in our daily life, and implementing an automated counter into bacteria could have many applications, from medical to industrial.

Counting with single-cells is a concept that has already been tackled but which is still in its infancy. Some counters have already been designed and implemented, but could only count up to three; though they could be extended. However, as these systems lie on the number of different transcription factors / recombination enzymes available AND characterised, extension to achieve counting more that 3 is pretty limited. Moreover, it is important to notice that for these designs, once an element as been used for counting, it can not be reused.

The Memo-cell project is a novel and original approach to free from these constraints, allowing a limitless counting.

The framework for this approach is fairly simple. We will implement memory in the bacteria using a sequential integration of DNA pieces into the bacteria chromosome, controlled in space and time.
Memory will then be hardcoded in the genome by the number of DNA pieces integrated one after the other in the genome.
Our plan is to create a mechanism that allows the bacteria to integrate in its chromosome a specific piece of DNA at a specific location, every time it detects a specific input signal. The successive detection of signals will results in the successive integration of DNA pieces one after the other on the chromosome. The total number of DNA pieces integrated on the chromosome will then correspond to the number of times the signal has been detected.
For instance, we could integrate the light sensing module developed by the *** igem team and plug it to our memo-cell module. Hence, the memo-cell module would be triggered when there is light, and our bacteria will count the number of days.



To achieve this goal, we had to hijack and to extensively engineer three mechanisms:

  • 1. The recombination system of Phages Lambda and HK022;
  • 2. The recombination system of Transposon Tn916;
  • 3. The microcin C51 from a specific E.coli strain.