Contents 1 Common Protocols: 1.1 Competent Cell Transformation 1.2 Competent Cell Transformation - V2; Post-Ligation 1.3 Boiling Lysis Plasmid Preparation (Miniprep) 1.4 Restriction of Plasmid DNA (pDNA) 1.5 Ligation of BioBricks 1.6 Overexpression 1.7 Maxiprep 1.8 Colony PCR

Common Protocols:

Competent Cell Transformation

1. Thaw 20µL of aliquotted cells (DH5α or BL21(DE3)) on ice.
2. Gently pipet 2.0µL of DNA into competent cells
   ATTENTION:
   Do not perform any additional mixing
   Never use more DNA that 10% of the volume of the competent cells otherwise the cells get destroyed by osmotic shock
3. Incubate the cells on ice for 30 minutes.
4. Heat shock the cells in a water bath at 42^oC for EXACTLY 45 seconds.
5. Incubate the cells on ice for 5 minutes.
6. Add 250µL sterile LB media to the cells and incubate at 37^oC for 1 hour with shaking (200RPM).
7. Plate 100µL and 50µL on prewarmed LB agar plate containing the appropriate antibiotic.
   For ligations, plate all 250µL.
8. Leave plate for 10-15 minutes to soak the cell suspension into the agar.
9. Flip plate over (agar on top)
10. Incubate the plates in the 37^oC incubator overnight

Competent Cell Transformation - V2; Post-Ligation

• Thaw 50µL of aliquotted competent cells (DH5α) on ice
• Gently pipet 2.0µL (~1ng) DNA (from ligation mix) into competent cells
• Incubate the cells on ice for 30 minutes
• Heat shock the cells in a water bath at 42^oC for EXACTLY 45 seconds
• Incubate cells on ice for 5 minutes
• Add 400µL of sterile SOC media to the cells and incubate at 37^oC for 90 minutes with shaking (250RPM)
• Plate 200µL on LB agar plate containing the appropriate antibiotic (reserve remaining cells and re-plate if no growth)
• Allow cell suspension to be absorbed into agar by leaving agar side down for 10-15 minutes
• Incubate the plates in the 37^oC incubator for approximately 36 hours (agar on top)

Boiling Lysis Plasmid Preparation (Miniprep)

1. Aseptically transfer 1.5mL of each overnight culture to a 1.5mL microcentrifuge tube (MCT) and pellet the cells by centrifugation in a benchtop microcentrifuge (2min at 13000RPM)
2. Remove and discard as much of the supernatant as possible by aspiration (e.g with a Pasteur Pipette). Do not suck up the cell pellet!!
3. Rinse the cell pellet by washing 1.0mL of sterile MilliQ H₂O gently down the inside wall of the MCT. This removes any traces of the supernatant adhering to the MCT wall while minimizing the disturbance to the cell pellet. (/li>
4. Resuspend the cell pellet in 350µL of STET.
5. Add 25µL of the Lysozyme solution and mix by inversion.
6. Place the MCT in the bioling water bath for EXACTLY 35 seconds, remove and incubate on ice for 5 minutes.
7. Pellet the cellular debris by centrifugation at 13000RPM for 15 minutes. Transfer the supernatant to a fresh MCT and discard the pellet.
8. Precipitate the plasmid DNA by adding 40µL of 3.0M sodium acetate (pH 5.2) and 420µL isopropanol. Mix by inversion. Mix by inversion and incubate for 5 minutes at room temperature.
9. Pellet the plasmid DNA by centrifugation at 13000RPM for 10 minutes at 4^oC. A pellet of plasmid DNA should be visible at the base of the MCT when complete.
10. Being careful not to disturb the pellet, discard the supernatant and rinse the pellet with 500µL of ice cold ethanol.
11. Repeat above step.
12. Invert and tap the open MCT several times against a piece of paper towel on your bench to remove as much ethanol as possible.
13. Store the open MCT at room temperature for approximately 10 minutes to allow all remaining traces of ethanol to evaporate
14. Add 50µL of TE (pH 8.0) containing RNase A and resuspend the plasmid DNA by flicking the base of the MCT with your finger. The plasmid DNA is ready for use or can be stored long term at -20^oC.

Restriction of Plasmid DNA (pDNA)

1. In a 1.5mL microcentrifuge tube, add MilliQ H₂O to final volume of 20µL, 2µL of restriction enzyme buffer, 2µL of plasmid DNA, and 0.25µL of each restriction enxyme.
2. Incubate at 37^oC for 1 hour.
3. Heat kill restriction enzymes on a heat block at 80^oC for 20 minutes.
4. Store short-term on ice or long-term at -20^oC.

Ligation of BioBricks

Overexpression

1. Inoculate two 5mL overnight cultures in LB media containing the appropriate antibiotic corresponding to the resistance of the plasmid backbone on which the gene is located; incubated at at 37^oC in shaker.
2. Transfer the two 5mL cultures into an 2000mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 500mL of LB media containing the same antibiotic.
3. Measure and record initial read OD₆₀₀ reading (Time = 0) blanking against the unincoulated LB media.
4. Begin incubation at 37^oC in shaker.
5. Measure and record another OD₆₀₀ reading 1 hour after (Time = 1) and continue record OD₆₀₀ every 30 minutes (T + 0.5) until OD₆₀₀ = 0.600 is reached.
6. When OD₆₀₀ has reached 0.600, aliquot out a 2mL sample and induce the 500mL culture (ie. if promoter is pLacI, induce with IPTG) and continue incubating in 37^oC shaker.
7. Aliquot 2mL samples and record the OD₆₀₀ reading every hour for 3 hours following induction.
8. To run SDS PAGE, centrifuge the samples at 13,000 rpm for 5 minutes and discard the supernatant. Resuspend the cell pellets with 100µL of 8M urea. Mix 10µL of the urea/cell sample with 5µL of 6X loading dye.

Maxiprep

1. Grow up a 500mL overnight culture in LB media containing the appropriate antibiotic corresponding to the restance of the plasmid.
2. Centrifuge the cells at 5000 rpm for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, transfer pellet to a 50mL falcon tube, record the weight of the pellet, and store at -20^oC. ( 1- 2.5g cell pellets are expected)
3. Resuspend the cell pellet in 6mL Alkaline Lysis Soloution I (ALS1). Vortex carefully and slowly; may use a clean glass stir rod. Add 20&mirco;L of 1mg/mL RNase A.
4. Add 1 mL of 10 mg/mL lysozyme (in 20mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0)
5. Incubate at room temperature for 10 minutes.
6. Add 12mL of fresh ALS2, mix well, do not vortex, and incubate on ice for 10 minutes.
7. Add 9mL of iceo cold ALS3, mix well, and incubate for 10 minutes on ice.
8. Centrifuge at 4^oC and 5000 rpm for 15 minutes.
9. Decant supernatant filter within funnel into fresh 50mL centrigue tube.
10. 1:1 phenol:chloroform extraction: In the fume hood, add 4mL of phenol/chloroform (1:1 -- 2mL of phenol + 2mL of chloroform), vortex for 15 seconds, centrifuge at 4000 rpm and 12^oC for 4 minutes, and collect the upper aqueous phase. To the aqueous phase, add 4mL of chloroform, vortex for 15 seconds, centrifuge at 4000 rpm and 12^oC for 4 minutes, and save the upper aqueous layer.
11. Add 0.6 volumes of isopropanol to the saved aqueous layer and incubate on ice for 10 minutes. (Alternatively, precipitate overnight at -20^oC)
12. Centrifuge at 4^oC and 5000 rpm for 15 minutes.
13. Decant supernantant into a fresh falcon tube (can be saved for further plasmid DNA isolation)
14. Wash DNA pellet with 2mL 70% ethanol; centrifuge at 4^oC and 5000 rpm for 5 minutes.
15. Air dry the DNA pellet; resuspend in 4mL 20mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 by vortexing.
16. Add 200µL 1mg/mL RNase A and incubate at room temperature overnight.
17. Ethanol precipitation: Add 0.1 volumes of 3M Na-acetate pH 5.2, add 2 volumes of cold ethanol (-20^oC), incubate 30 minutes on ice (or longer at -20^oC).
18. Centrifuge at 4^oC and 4500 rpm for 15 minutes; carefully remove supernatant with 200µL pipette.
19. Wash pellet with 750µL of 70% ethanol, centrifuge at 4^oC and 4500 rpm for 2 minutes, remove supernatant, and air dry the pellet for 10 minutes.
20. Resuspend the pellet in 200µL of MilliQ H₂O (or TE).

Solutions:
ALS1: 50mM glucose, 25mM Tris-Cl, 10mM EDTA pH 8.0
ALS2: 0.2M NaOH, 1% (w/v) SDS
ALS3: 60mL of 5M K-acetate, 11.5mL glacial acetic acid, 28.5mL MilliQ H₂O
RNase A: 1mg/mL in 20mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0 Lysozyme: 10mg/mL in 20mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0

Colony PCR

==Colony PCR==