Team:Northwestern/Project/Chitin Synthesis
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+ | [[Image:LOGOBANNER1.jpg|936px|center|link=http://wikipedia.org|Tech Institute]] | ||
+ | |||
<!--- The Mission, Experiments ---> | <!--- The Mission, Experiments ---> | ||
- | {|- | + | {|- style="font-size: 87%; background: #EFCDF8; color: #FFFFFF" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" bordercolor="#000000" width="75%" align="center" |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern|<font color="#2B3856">'''Home'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Brainstorm|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Brainstorm|<font color="#000000">'''Brainstorm'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Team|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Team|<font color="#000000">'''Team'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Acknowledgements|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Acknowledgements|<font color="#000000">'''Acknowledgements'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Project|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Project|<font color="#000000">'''Project'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/SideProject|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/SideProject|<font color="#000000">'''Human Practices'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Parts|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Parts|<font color="#000000">'''Parts'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Notebook|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Notebook|<font color="#000000">'''Notebook'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Calendar|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Calendar|<font color="#000000">'''Calendar'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Protocol|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Protocol|<font color="#000000">'''Protocol'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Safety|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Safety|<font color="#000000">'''Safety'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Links|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Links|<font color="#000000">'''Links'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/References|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/References|<font color="#000000">'''References'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Media|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Media|<font color="#000000">'''Media'''</font>]] |
- | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Contact|< | + | !align="center"|[[Team:Northwestern/Contact|<font color="#000000">'''Contact'''</font>]] |
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+ | <td><a href="https://2010.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Project/Lac"><img width="100" class="icon" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/1/18/Nulac.jpg"></a></td> | ||
+ | <td><a href="https://2010.igem.org/Team:Northwestern/Project/Chitin Synthesis"><img width="100" class="icon" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2010/4/4e/Nuchitin.jpg"></a></td> | ||
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+ | </tr> | ||
+ | <tr> | ||
+ | <td align="center">Modeling</td> | ||
+ | <td align="center">Chassis</td> | ||
+ | <td align="center">Induction</td> | ||
+ | <td align="center">Chitin</td> | ||
+ | <td align="center">Apoptosis</td> | ||
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+ | Chitin is an abundant biopolymer found primarily in the exoskeletons of arthropods, including many insects and crustaceans. Composed of N-acetylglucosamine monomers (Figure 1), it functions analogously to keratin in mammalian skin, providing a support matrix for the protective outer surface of these animals. Similarly, most fungi produce chitin in their cell walls for structural support. Chitin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends on a series of enzymatic steps (Figure 2).[[image:chitin_wikipedia.png|frame|right|alt=alt text|'''Figure 1''' Chitin molecular structure. <br /> Source: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitin Wikipedia - Chitin]]] <br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | One enzyme in this pathway, chitin synthase 3 (CHS3), was previously found to be among the most active chitin sythases in the chitin synthase family of enzymes and does not require additional cofactors to function. As a result, we use CHS3 as the chitin production mechanism in our inducible system ([http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K418007 BBa_K418007]). [[image:chitin synthesis small.jpg|frame|center|alt=alt text|'''Figure 2''' Chitin synthesis pathway. <br /> Adapted from Figure 3.1 of <u>Chitin: Fulfilling a Biomaterials Promise</u> by Eugene Khor.]]<br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Chitin has many applications, particularly in medicine and industry. Currently, nearly all chitin is obtained from natural sources (i.e. shells of crustaceans). Thus, a method of recombinant chitin production may have commercial applications. Several examples of chitin usage are listed below: | ||
- | + | '''SIGNIFICANCE OF CHITIN''': | |
- | + | <u>Medicinal Use</u>: | |
- | + | *Wound and burn treatment/healing | |
+ | *Hemostasis for orthopedic treatment of broken bones | ||
+ | *Viscoelastic solutions for ophthamology and orthopedic surgery | ||
+ | *Abdominal adhesion treatment | ||
+ | *Antibacterial and antifungal agents | ||
+ | *Tumor therapies | ||
+ | *Microsurgery and neurosurgery | ||
+ | *Treatment of chronic wounds, ulcers and bleeding (chitin powder) | ||
- | + | <u>Industrial Use</u>: | |
+ | |||
+ | *Food/Pharmaceutical/Agricultural/Cosmetic thickener, stabilizer | ||
+ | *Agricultural protection | ||
+ | *Water resistant properties | ||
+ | *Dietary supplement | ||
+ | *Water purification | ||
+ | *Edible microcrystalline films used to preserve food | ||
+ | *Sequestering of particles (i.e. oil) | ||
+ | *Biodegradable/non-pollutant |
Latest revision as of 20:11, 25 October 2010
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