Team:Cambridge/Gibson/Introduction

Schematic of Gibson Assembly method

Gibson Assembly

Gibson Assembly is a cutting-edge DNA ligation technique developed by Dan Gibson at JCVI in 2009 [http://www.nature.com/nmeth/journal/v6/n5/abs/nmeth.1318.html].

It is an enzymatic assembly technique for ligating sequences of DNA with short (c. 40 bp) overlapping end sections. These overlapping regions can be easily added to the ends of a length of DNA by using PCR with primers which have added "flaps".

Advantages

• No scar created - useful for fusion proteins and adding an RBS, where scars can be problematic.
• Can re-ligate linear DNA into a circle - useful for site-directed mutagenesis
• Although it is roughly the same speed as [http://partsregistry.org/Help:BioBrick_Assembly standard BioBrick assembly] for ligating two fragments, Gibson is perfect for doing multi part systems, since it takes the same amount of time to ligate n pieces of DNA together as it does for two pieces.

Assembly Method	Number of steps to ligate N pieces of DNA
Standard Assembly
Parallel Assembly	(rounded up)
Gibson Assembly

Disadvantages

• Greater degree of planning required as primers must be ordered in advance
• More expensive than BioBrick assembly
• Important: the flexibility that this assembly method offers is a great thing. However, this does not mean it replaces the need for standardised prefixes and suffixes. The BioBrick prefix and suffix and the use of standard well-characterised vectors with standard primer sites, etc. are crucial for standardised iGEM parts. If you use Gibson Assembly it is vital that you still add the prefix and suffix to your DNA; in fact sometimes Gibson Assembly is a useful way to do this (using as template an existing standard BioBrick).