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| - | ==Quorum Sensing Amplifiers and a Co-design Approach for Information Processing== | + | ===== Quorum Sensing Amplifiers and a Co-design Approach for Information Processing ===== |
| - | We are using a co-design approach to construct a multiple-compound biosensor that detects heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, copper) in aquatic environments. This chart describes the device logic that will be implemented:
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| + | As the field of biomedical engineering grows, so too does the complexity of genetically engineered systems. Fabricated metabolic pathways are becoming increasingly intricate and expansive: how is one to know if the approach used to synthesize a pathway is necessarily the best approach? Our group, composed of five institutions, strives to show that co-design, a common engineering practice used to evaluate relative efficiencies, can be implemented to select the best design for a system. Using a biosensor as an application of carrying out co-design, we constructed three systems utilizing different mechanisms that can detect inputs and give an output correlating to which input(s) it senses. To maintain consistency, our systems are designed to use quorum sensing to amplify signal transduction upon input detection. This essentially acts as an on/off switch, allowing the system to be engineered to detect a certain input threshold and establishing a binary response. |
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| - | <img src="http://people.virginia.edu/~arc3j/igem%20hosting/igem%20logic%20chart.png"/>
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| - | This logic will be implemented in three different designs. One of the approaches utilizes the operator sites of regulatory promoters, hybridizing two promoters’ operator sites into a single co-sensing promoter. In order for the hybrid promoter to initiate transcription, two target metals that control the operator sites must be present. Since, the hybrid promoters are attached to a single fluorescent protein, the detection of both metals can be measured using fluorescence.
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| - | <img src="http://people.virginia.edu/~arc3j/igem%20hosting/hybrid%20promoters.png" />
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| - | The second approach utilizes fluorescent protein complementation. When a target metal is detected by a cell, it will transcribe a fragment of a fluorescent protein. Upon translation, the portions of the fluorescent proteins will bond together and fluoresce, reporting the presence of the two target metals.
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| - | <img src="http://people.virginia.edu/~arc3j/igem%20hosting/flourescence%20complementation.png" />
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| - | In the third approach, each of the metals directly induces the production of a corresponding fluorescent protein. Fluorescence spectroscopy is used to separate out the wavelengths of each fluorescent protein, which will indicate what compounds are present in the environment.
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| - | <img src="http://people.virginia.edu/~arc3j/igem%20hosting/spectral%20unmixing.png" />
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| - | In all three designs we are amplifying the signal that each E. coli cell emits once it is exposed to the target metal using a quorum sensing system. Each cell releases a signal when exposed to the target metal, which is then recognized by neighboring cells. A fluorescent protein is attached to the promoter that recognizes the signal, establishing a more rapid, binary-like response time in the system. The overall goal of the project is to create a set of interchangeable inputs and outputs serving a wide variety of applications such as bioremediation machinery.
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