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MFA results

Alkane degradation

In figure 1 the biomass, oxygen, CO₂ yields are plotted against the amount of Cmol of the product. Also the amount of ATP going into maintenance (essentially getting rid of the ATP) is plotted in figure 1. Glucose has 6 carbon atoms and for the alkanes a range 6 carbon atoms to 25 carbon atoms was taken. These results are for the construct with biobricks for alkane degradation as described by the project description.

Figure 1 – The most important yields from the MFA for alkane degradation

The highest calculated theoretical maximal yield for biomass in Cmol per Cmol is achieved with an odd alkane with 9 carbon atoms. Here the yield is 0.853 Cmol of biomass per Cmol of substrate. For even alkanes the theoretical maximal biomass yield is constant at 0.788 Cmol biomass per Cmol substrate. For glucose this value is 0.775 Cmol biomass per Cmol substrate. With the optimazation all the carbon atoms go to biomass and CO₂, so the CO₂ production is the highest for glucose and the lowest for odd alkanes.

The optimal alkane degradation does however consume more than three times as much oxygen than growth on glucose. Oxygen is often a limiting factor for growth and especially in oily environments the oxygen transfers less easily into the water phase. This additional oxygen consumption originates from the first step in the alkane degradation, which consumes oxygen and the large amount of cofactors that need to be regenerated, which can be seen from the high ATP surplus in the bottom right graph of figure 1. This large surplus of energy is just wasted because of the optimazation, but in reality this energy may be used for something useful.

NO₃ as electron acceptor

This construct was introduced to see how much the oxygen consumption could theoretically be eliminated with growth on alkanes. In oily environments oxygen transfers poorly into the water phase. The yields for the optimazation to growth with NO₃ as electron acceptor are displayed in figure 2.

Figure 2 – The most important yields from the MFA for alkane degradation with NO₃ as electron acceptor

The highest theoretical biomass yield is achieved with an odd alkane with 25 carbon atoms. The yield for biomass on glucose is only slighlty lower. Growth on short-chained alkanes has clearly a lower yield, dropping by 10% for the shortest alkanes.

The oxygen consumption for growth on glucose is completely eliminated and for the alkanes the oxygen consumption drops as the chain length increases. In this scenario the cell has no energy left over and the maintenance is zero.

In figures 3 and 4 the previous scenario, the standard scenario with oxygen as electron acceptor, and the current scenario are compared in terms of biomass yield and oxygen requirement.

Figure 3 – Comparison of biomass yield for oxygen and NO₃ as electron acceptors

Figure 4 – Comparison of oxygen yield for oxygen and NO₃ as electron acceptors

With NO₃ as electron acceptor less ATP is produced per NADH and FADH₂. This translates into a lower biomass yield as observed. The biomass yield drops 9% to 19% for the alkanes and 7% for glucose. The oxygen requirement however drops 77% to 94% for the alkanes and is completely eliminated for glucose. Overexpressing this system may be very benificial in oily environments.

PHB production

Figure 5 – description

isoprene production

Figure 6 – description

hydrogen production

Figure 7 – description

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