Team:ETHZ Basel/Biology/Molecular Mechanism

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Relevant properties of the chemotaxis pathway

Localization Che proteins

In [1] CheA, CheY and CheZ proteins were fused to YFP in E. coli mutants to determine their localization inside the cell. All three proteins tend to co-localize with methyl accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs, the receptor proteins of the chemotaxis pathway) at the membrane, but with different strengths.

CheA and CheZ nearly only localize at the MCPs.
CheY has a higher concentration around the MCPs, but is present in significant concentrations in the cytoplasm.

Consistent with common knowledge, CheA was not localized inside the cell in mutants lacking MCPs. CheZ showed no localization in ΔcheA mutants. CheY did not show any significant localization in ΔcheA mutants nor in mutants lacking a significant amount of receptor proteins.

Similar studies were done in [2] and [3] with a mutant expressing GFP-CheR. Around 50% of the cells showed a weak polar localization of the fusion proteins, whereas the other cells showed no localization at all.

Relevant properties of the PhyB/PIF3 module

Literature

[1] Sourjik and Berg: Localization of components of the chemotaxis machinery of Escheria coli using fluorescent protein fusions. Molecular Biology. 2000; 37:4.

[2] Shiomi, Banno, Homma, and Kawagishi: Stabilization of polar localization of a chemoreceptor via its covalent modifications and its communication with a different chemoreceptor. Journal of Bacteriology. 2005; 187:22.

[3] Shiomi, Zhulin, Homma, and Kawagishi: Dual recognition of the bacterial chemoreceptor by chemotaxis-specific domains of the CheR methyltransferase. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2002; 277:44.

[4] Kendrick and Kronenberg: Photomorphogenesis in plants. Kluwer academic publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 2nd edition, 1994.

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	[3] Shiomi, Zhulin, Homma, and Kawagishi: Dual recognition of the bacterial chemoreceptor by chemotaxis-specific domains of the CheR methyltransferase. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2002; 277:44.		[3] Shiomi, Zhulin, Homma, and Kawagishi: Dual recognition of the bacterial chemoreceptor by chemotaxis-specific domains of the CheR methyltransferase. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2002; 277:44.
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		+	[4] Kendrick and Kronenberg: Photomorphogenesis in plants. Kluwer academic publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 2nd edition, 1994.