Team:Cambridge/References/ProjectBioluminescence/LightLevel

From 2010.igem.org

(Difference between revisions)
(Relevant Physics)
 
(18 intermediate revisions not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
-
=Light Output=
+
{{:Team:Cambridge/Templates/headerMinimalprototype}}
 +
{{:Team:Cambridge/Templates/RefBar}}
 +
{{:Team:Cambridge/Templates/headerbar|colour=#96d446|title=Bioluminescence: Light Output}}
==Increasing Light Emission==
==Increasing Light Emission==
Line 7: Line 9:
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12044905 Gene chimerisation to improve practical usefulness of firefly luciferase]
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12044905 Gene chimerisation to improve practical usefulness of firefly luciferase]
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17540326 Genetically modified firefly luciferase - the EPIC luciferase]
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17540326 Genetically modified firefly luciferase - the EPIC luciferase]
 +
*[http://www.springerlink.com/content/76q433v347503k17/ Bioluminescence Spectra of Native and Mutant Firefly Luciferases as a Function of pH]
==Relevant Physics==
==Relevant Physics==
Line 12: Line 15:
*The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_%28unit%29 lumen] is simply cd*sr. It is thus the analogue to the Watt
*The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_%28unit%29 lumen] is simply cd*sr. It is thus the analogue to the Watt
-
*The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lux Lux] measures how much light is incident on a suface, the Illuminance. It is related to irradiance (measured in Watts per m^2) but has been weighted again by the luminosity function. 1lux=1cd/m^2
+
*The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lux Lux] measures how much light is incident on a suface, the Illuminance. It is related to irradiance (measured in Watts per m^2) but has been weighted again by the luminosity function. 1lux= 1lm/m^2 = 1cd*1sr/m^2
-
*The luminance of an object is how much light is emitted from it. This is also measured in Lux, but it is different contextually.  
+
*The luminance of an object is how much light is emitted from it. This is also measured in Lux, but it is different contextually.
-
 
+
 +
* A table of ambient illuminances. For our glowing bacteria to be seen from a given distance, they must be at least 1/20th of this value.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Illuminance!!Example
!Illuminance!!Example
|-
|-
-
|10<sup>−5</sup> lux ||Light from [[Sirius]], the brightest star in the night sky
+
|10<sup>−5</sup> lux ||Light from Sirius, the brightest star in the night sky
|-
|-
-
|10<sup>−4</sup> lux||Total [[star#Radiation|starlight]], overcast sky
+
|10<sup>−4</sup> lux||Total starlight, overcast sky
|-
|-
-
|0.002 lux||Moonless clear night sky with [[airglow]]
+
|0.002 lux||Moonless clear night sky with airglow
|-
|-
|0.01 lux||Quarter moon
|0.01 lux||Quarter moon
Line 29: Line 33:
|0.27 lux||Full moon on a clear night
|0.27 lux||Full moon on a clear night
|-
|-
-
|1 lux||Full moon overhead at tropical [[latitude]]
+
|1 lux||Full moon overhead at tropical latitude
|-
|-
-
|3.4 lux|| Dark limit of civil [[twilight]] under a clear sky
+
|3.4 lux|| Dark limit of civil twilight under a clear sky
|-
|-
|50 lux||Family living room
|50 lux||Family living room
Line 41: Line 45:
|320–500 lux || Office lighting
|320–500 lux || Office lighting
|-
|-
-
|400 lux ||[[Sunrise]] or [[sunset]] on a clear day.
+
|400 lux ||Sunrise or sunset on a clear day.
|-
|-
|1,000 lux||Overcast day
|1,000 lux||Overcast day
-
|-    * The Candela measures how much light perceivable to the human eye is being emitted by a source of radiation, the Luminous Intensity (or luminous flux. It is related to Radiant intensity (or radiant flux) (which is measured in watts per steradian) but has been weighted by a Luminosity function. This alters the power output so that it is proportional to the sensitivity of the human eye: Definition of the candela with respect to Radiant intensity. Therefore, an object which is black may be emitting a lot of radiation (measured in watts per steradian) but since it is not perceivable to the human eye it is emitting 0cd of radiation.
 
-
|10,000–25,000 lux ||Full [[daylight]] (not direct sun)
 
|-
|-
-
|32,000–130,000 lux||Direct [[sunlight]]
+
|10,000–25,000 lux ||Full daylight (not direct sun)
 +
|-
 +
|32,000–130,000 lux||Direct sunlight
|}
|}
Line 54: Line 58:
*A [http://cvision.ucsd.edu/lumindex.htm site] containing luminosity functions
*A [http://cvision.ucsd.edu/lumindex.htm site] containing luminosity functions
-
*To summarise, the luminosity function allows one to convert between [[radiant]] energy and [[luminous]] (i.e., visible) energy.
+
*To summarise, the luminosity function allows one to convert between radiant energy and luminous (i.e., visible) energy.
 +
 
 +
==Difficulties==
 +
==Inclusion Bodies==
 +
* [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6TCW-4D5X6SM-4N-1&_cdi=5181&_user=1495569&_pii=0167779988900650&_orig=search&_coverDate=05%2F31%2F1988&_sk=999939994&view=c&wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWb&md5=7b765deb78f66afdf695ef56af3219d2&ie=/sdarticle.pdf Inclusion Bodies in E. Coli]
==Human Vision==
==Human Vision==
 +
 +
 +
==Spectrum interpolation==
 +
 +
* [http://iopscience.iop.org/0957-0233/17/5/S17/pdf/0957-0233_17_5_S17.pdf Radial-basis function network for the approximation of FBG sensor spectra with distorted peaks]
 +
* [http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~dhouse/courses/405/notes/splines.pdf Splines]
 +
 +
==Source Code==
 +
*[[Team:Cambridge/ProjectBioluminescence/LightLevel/SourceCode|Outputting lux]]
 +
<html>
 +
</div>
 +
</html>
 +
{{:Team:Cambridge/Templates/footerMinimal}}

Latest revision as of 12:18, 7 October 2010